Country benchmarking
EUDR Country Benchmarking: Low, Standard and High-Risk Country List (Implementing Regulation 2025/1093)
EUDR country benchmarking under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093: all 194 countries, the 140 low and 4 high-risk ones, and what each class changes.
Summary
EUDR country benchmarking is the Commission's three-tier classification of countries as low, standard or high risk of producing relevant commodities that are not deforestation-free (Article 29 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1115); Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 lists 140 low-risk and 4 high-risk countries, and every other country is standard risk.
The class sets minimum check rates of 1 %, 3 % or 9 % and never removes geolocation.
The EU Deforestation Regulation, as amended by Regulations (EU) 2024/3234 and 2025/2650 and Delegated Regulation (EU) 2026/2102, applies the class of the country of production to all seven commodities: cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, soya and wood. Producers outside the Union meet the class through their EU buyers' questions, as set out for non-EU suppliers and exporters. Table 1 lists the 18 countries with their own page.
Table 1. The 18 EUDR country pages
| Country | Risk class | EUDR commodities in EU imports | National systems |
|---|---|---|---|
| EUDR and Brazil | Standard | cattle (beef), coffee, soya (beans, meal), wood (pulp) | CAR (Forest Code), PNIB cattle identification, Selo Verde state platforms |
| EUDR and Indonesia | Standard | cocoa (butter), coffee, oil palm (palm oil), rubber, wood | SVLK and FLEGT licence (wood); ISPO; National Dashboard Initiative |
| EUDR and Malaysia | Standard | oil palm (palm oil), rubber, wood | MSPO certification; Sistem Kebolehjejakan Nasional (SKN) |
| EUDR and Côte d'Ivoire | Standard | cocoa (beans, paste, butter, chocolate), coffee, rubber, wood (veneer) | Système National de Traçabilité and carte du producteur (Conseil du Café-Cacao); FLEGT VPA in force since 2025-05-01, no licensing |
| EUDR and Ghana | Low | cocoa (beans, paste, butter, powder), rubber, wood (sawn, plywood) | Ghana Cocoa Traceability System (COCOBOD); FLEGT licensing from 2025-10-08 |
| EUDR and Vietnam | Low | coffee, rubber, wood (including furniture) | VNTLAS; FLEGT VPA in force since 2019-06-01, no licensing |
| EUDR and Colombia | Standard | coffee, oil palm (palm oil) | IDEAM forest monitoring; FNC SICA coffee farm register |
| EUDR and Ethiopia | Standard | coffee | ECTMS of the Ethiopian Coffee and Tea Authority |
| EUDR and Peru | Standard | cocoa, coffee | Padrón de Productores Agrarios; MIDAGRI plot geolocation programme |
| EUDR and Ecuador | Standard | cocoa | MAG traceability guidelines (ministerial agreement 2024) |
| EUDR and Cameroon | Standard | cocoa, coffee, rubber, wood (sawn, veneer) | ONCC/NCCB Sustainable Cocoa Platform; CICC traceability platform; FLEGT VPA termination approved (Council Decision (EU) 2025/1976) |
| EUDR and Nigeria | Standard | cocoa, rubber, wood (charcoal) | White Paper on EUDR compliance and national traceability framework (FMAFS, NASRDA), planning stage |
| EUDR and Thailand | Low | rubber, wood | EUDR THAI platform; RAOT GIS farm registration |
| EUDR and India | Low | coffee, rubber, soya (meal) | Coffee Board India Coffee App EUDR module; Rubber Board BSNR platform |
| EUDR and China | Low | rubber, wood (products, furniture); processing hub, inputs keep their own country of production | No national system named |
| EUDR and the United States | Low | cattle (beef), soya (beans), wood (including pulp) | No national system named |
| EUDR and Argentina | Standard | cattle (fresh beef), soya (meal) | VISEC Sistema Soja |
| EUDR and Uganda | Standard | cocoa, coffee | Not established as of 24 October 2026 |
Risk class: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093, checked 24 October 2026; commodities: main Annex I lines in EU imports 2025 (Eurostat Comext).
How Does Article 29 of the EUDR Classify Countries?
Article 29 sets three risk tiers, assigns every country standard risk from 29 June 2023, and fixes the criteria and procedure for listing low and high-risk countries. Unlike the operator duties, it has applied since 29 June 2023.
What Do Low, Standard and High Risk Mean Under Article 29(1) of Regulation (EU) 2023/1115?
Under Article 29(1), high risk means a high risk of producing relevant commodities that are not deforestation-free, low risk means such instances are exceptional, and standard risk means neither. The class rates Article 3(a) only, never legality, which stays a separate test under the EUDR legality requirement. The three definitions are summarised below.
- High risk (29(1)(a)): the assessment identifies "a high risk of producing" non-compliant relevant commodities.
- Low risk (29(1)(b)): "sufficient assurance" that such instances "are exceptional".
- Standard risk (29(1)(c)): countries "which do not fall in either the category 'high risk' or the category 'low risk'".
Article 29(1) allows classing "parts thereof", yet the list names whole countries only.
Regulation (EU) 2024/3234 moved the list deadline to 30 June 2025 (Article 29(2)); the full text sits in the consolidated Regulation (EU) 2023/1115.
Which Criteria Does the Commission Assess Under Article 29(3) and (4)?
Three primary criteria decide the classification, based on an objective and transparent assessment (Article 29(3)), listed below.
- The rate of deforestation and forest degradation.
- The rate of expansion of agriculture land for relevant commodities.
- Production trends of relevant commodities and relevant products.
Article 29(4) adds five optional criteria: information from the country, NGOs and third parties; agreements with the Union; national laws and their enforcement; transparent data and rights protection; and UN Security Council or EU Council sanctions on relevant commodities. Before a change, the Commission notifies the country with reasons (29(6)), allows time to reply (29(7)) and notifies the result (29(8)); countries at risk of high risk get a specific dialogue (29(5)).
How Were the Low-Risk Thresholds Set in the Benchmarking Methodology?
The methodology (SWD(2025) 129 final, 22 May 2025) rates a country low risk if its forest loss stays below fixed thresholds or its commodity land does not expand. Table 4 sets out the paths.
Table 4. Low-risk paths of the benchmarking methodology
| Path | Test | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | No net forest loss 2015 to 2020 | Low risk |
| 2 | Below both 0.2 % annual forest area loss and 70,000 ha forest loss per year | Low risk |
| 3 | Below 1,000 ha net forest loss per year (low-end threshold) | Low risk regardless of the relative rate |
| 4 | No expansion of cropland for oil palm, rubber, cocoa, coffee or soya, no increase in timber and cattle production, no expansion of overall agricultural land | Low risk |
| Band | Within +25 % of the thresholds | Qualitative assessment of Art. 29(4)(a) to (d), scores 1 to 5; an average of at least 3 moves the country down |
| Sanctions | UN Security Council or EU Council sanctions on imports or exports of relevant commodities or products (Art. 29(4)(e)) | Automatically high risk |
SWD(2025) 129 final, 22 May 2025 (non-binding staff working document).
The data come from the FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 and FAOSTAT. Forest degradation is not integrated yet and is "planned to be integrated in the next review" (SWD(2025) 129).
The EUDR Country List: Every Country's Risk Class Under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093
Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 of 22 May 2025, in force since 26 May 2025 and unamended as of 24 October 2026, lists 140 low-risk and 4 high-risk countries; all others are standard (Article 1(2)). The Commission's Country Classification List has 194 entries: 193 United Nations members plus Palestine.
Table 2. Every country's EUDR risk class
| Country | Risk class | Legal basis | Country page | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Low | Annex | ||
| Albania | Low | Annex | ||
| Algeria | Low | Annex | ||
| Andorra | Low | Annex | ||
| Angola | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Antigua and Barbuda | Low | Annex | ||
| Argentina | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Armenia | Low | Annex | ||
| Australia | Low | Annex | ||
| Austria | Low | Annex | ||
| Azerbaijan | Low | Annex | ||
| Bahamas | Low | Annex | ||
| Bahrain | Low | Annex | ||
| Bangladesh | Low | Annex | ||
| Barbados | Low | Annex | ||
| Belarus | High | Annex | ||
| Belgium | Low | Annex | ||
| Belize | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Benin | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Bhutan | Low | Annex | ||
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Low | Annex | ||
| Botswana | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Brazil | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Brunei Darussalam | Low | Annex | ||
| Bulgaria | Low | Annex | ||
| Burkina Faso | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Burundi | Low | Annex | ||
| Cabo Verde | Low | Annex | ||
| Cambodia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Cameroon | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Canada | Low | Annex | ||
| Central African Republic | Low | Annex | ||
| Chad | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Chile | Low | Annex | ||
| China | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Colombia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Comoros | Low | Annex | ||
| Congo | Low | Annex | ||
| Costa Rica | Low | Annex | ||
| Côte d'Ivoire | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Croatia | Low | Annex | ||
| Cuba | Low | Annex | ||
| Cyprus | Low | Annex | ||
| Czechia | Low | Annex | ||
| Democratic People’s Republic of Korea | High | Annex | ||
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Denmark | Low | Annex | ||
| Djibouti | Low | Annex | ||
| Dominica | Low | Annex | ||
| Dominican Republic | Low | Annex | ||
| Ecuador | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Egypt | Low | Annex | ||
| El Salvador | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Equatorial Guinea | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Eritrea | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Estonia | Low | Annex | ||
| Eswatini | Low | Annex | ||
| Ethiopia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Fiji | Low | Annex | ||
| Finland | Low | Annex | ||
| France | Low | Annex | ||
| Gabon | Low | Annex | ||
| Gambia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Georgia | Low | Annex | ||
| Germany | Low | Annex | ||
| Ghana | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Greece | Low | Annex | ||
| Grenada | Low | Annex | ||
| Guatemala | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Guinea | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Guinea-Bissau | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Guyana | Low | Annex | ||
| Haiti | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Honduras | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Hungary | Low | Annex | ||
| Iceland | Low | Annex | ||
| India | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Indonesia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | Low | Annex | ||
| Iraq | Low | Annex | ||
| Ireland | Low | Annex | ||
| Israel | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Italy | Low | Annex | ||
| Jamaica | Low | Annex | ||
| Japan | Low | Annex | ||
| Jordan | Low | Annex | ||
| Kazakhstan | Low | Annex | ||
| Kenya | Low | Annex | ||
| Kiribati | Low | Annex | ||
| Kuwait | Low | Annex | ||
| Kyrgyzstan | Low | Annex | ||
| Lao People’s Democratic Republic | Low | Annex | ||
| Latvia | Low | Annex | ||
| Lebanon | Low | Annex | ||
| Lesotho | Low | Annex | ||
| Liberia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Libya | Low | Annex | ||
| Liechtenstein | Low | Annex | ||
| Lithuania | Low | Annex | ||
| Luxembourg | Low | Annex | ||
| Madagascar | Low | Annex | ||
| Malawi | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Malaysia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Maldives | Low | Annex | ||
| Mali | Low | Annex | ||
| Malta | Low | Annex | ||
| Marshall Islands | Low | Annex | ||
| Mauritania | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Mauritius | Low | Annex | ||
| Mexico | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Micronesia (Federated States of) | Low | Annex | ||
| Monaco | Low | Annex | ||
| Mongolia | Low | Annex | ||
| Montenegro | Low | Annex | ||
| Morocco | Low | Annex | ||
| Mozambique | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Myanmar | High | Annex | ||
| Namibia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Nauru | Low | Annex | ||
| Nepal | Low | Annex | ||
| Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | Low | Annex | ||
| New Zealand | Low | Annex | ||
| Nicaragua | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Niger | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Nigeria | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| North Macedonia | Low | Annex | ||
| Norway | Low | Annex | ||
| Oman | Low | Annex | ||
| Pakistan | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Palau | Low | Annex | ||
| Palestine | Low | Annex | ||
| Panama | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Papua New Guinea | Low | Annex | ||
| Paraguay | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Peru | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Philippines | Low | Annex | ||
| Poland | Low | Annex | ||
| Portugal | Low | Annex | ||
| Qatar | Low | Annex | ||
| Republic of Korea | Low | Annex | ||
| Republic of Moldova | Low | Annex | ||
| Romania | Low | Annex | ||
| Russian Federation | High | Annex | ||
| Rwanda | Low | Annex | ||
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Low | Annex | ||
| Saint Lucia | Low | Annex | ||
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Low | Annex | ||
| Samoa | Low | Annex | ||
| San Marino | Low | Annex | ||
| São Tomé and Príncipe | Low | Annex | Commission web list: Sao Tome and Principe | |
| Saudi Arabia | Low | Annex | ||
| Senegal | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Serbia | Low | Annex | ||
| Seychelles | Low | Annex | ||
| Sierra Leone | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Singapore | Low | Annex | ||
| Slovakia | Low | Annex | ||
| Slovenia | Low | Annex | ||
| Solomon Island | Low | Annex | Commission web list: Solomon Islands | |
| Somalia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| South Africa | Low | Annex | ||
| South Sudan | Low | Annex | ||
| Spain | Low | Annex | ||
| Sri Lanka | Low | Annex | ||
| Sudan | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Suriname | Low | Annex | ||
| Sweden | Low | Annex | ||
| Switzerland | Low | Annex | ||
| Syrian Arab Republic | Low | Annex | ||
| Tajikistan | Low | Annex | ||
| Tanzania (United Republic of) | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Thailand | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Timor-Leste | Low | Annex | ||
| Togo | Low | Annex | ||
| Tonga | Low | Annex | ||
| Trinidad and Tobago | Low | Annex | ||
| Tunisia | Low | Annex | ||
| Türkiye | Low | Annex | ||
| Turkmenistan | Low | Annex | ||
| Tuvalu | Low | Annex | ||
| Uganda | Standard | Art. 1(2) | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Ukraine | Low | Annex | ||
| United Arab Emirates | Low | Annex | ||
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Low | Annex | ||
| United States of America | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | |
| Uruguay | Low | Annex | ||
| Uzbekistan | Low | Annex | ||
| Vanuatu | Low | Annex | ||
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Vietnam | Low | Annex | Yes (Table 1) | Commission web list: Viet Nam |
| Yemen | Low | Annex | ||
| Zambia | Standard | Art. 1(2) | ||
| Zimbabwe | Standard | Art. 1(2) |
Low and high risk: Annex; standard: Article 1(2), as named on the Commission list; checked 2026-10-24. Territories outside the United Nations list: classification not confirmed.
The English Annex writes "Vietnam", "Solomon Island" and "São Tomé and Príncipe"; the Commission web list differs.
Which Countries Are High Risk Under the EUDR?
Four countries are high risk: Belarus, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Myanmar and the Russian Federation (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093, Annex). No African country is high risk. The methodology classes a country automatically as high risk when UN Security Council or EU Council sanctions cover imports or exports of relevant commodities or products (SWD(2025) 129; Article 29(4)(e)).
Which Countries Are Low Risk Under the EUDR?
140 countries are low risk, among them all 27 Member States and the United States of America, Canada, China, India, Vietnam, Thailand, Ghana, the United Kingdom, Ukraine, Norway and Switzerland (Annex of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093). Africa counts 25 low-risk countries, including Ghana, Kenya, Togo, Gabon and Congo, while the Democratic Republic of the Congo is standard.
Which Countries Are Standard Risk Under the EUDR?
Every country not listed in the Annex is standard risk (Article 1(2) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093); the Commission list names 50, including Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, Côte d'Ivoire, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Uganda, Argentina, Paraguay, Honduras, Guatemala and Cambodia. Standard is the legal default since 29 June 2023 (Article 29(2)), not a pending status.
What Does a Country's Risk Class Change for Operators and Traders?
The class sets the minimum annual check rate, access to simplified due diligence (Article 13) and to the micro or small primary operator regime, and feeds every risk assessment (Article 10(2)(a)).
Table 3. What each EUDR risk class changes
| Rule | Low | Standard | High |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum annual EUDR checks, per relevant commodity (Art. 16(8) to (11)) | 1 % | 3 % | 9 % of actors plus 9 % of the quantity of each relevant product |
| Simplified due diligence under the EUDR (Art. 13) | Possible | No | No |
| Geolocation, Art. 9 information, DDS, Art. 12 system | Required | Required | Required |
| Regime for micro or small primary operators (Art. 2(15a), 4a) | Available | No | No |
| Extra attention | None | None | Special attention in check selection (Art. 16(3)), national risk criteria (Art. 16(5)(a)), dialogue (Art. 29(5)), cooperation priority (Art. 30(1)) |
| Applies from | 2026-12-30 (Art. 38(2)); 2027-06-30 for operators that are natural persons or micro or small undertakings established as such by 31 December 2024 (Art. 38(3)); products in the Annex to Regulation (EU) No 995/2010 from 2026-12-30 | Same | Same |
Articles 16 and 38 as replaced by Regulation (EU) 2025/2650.
The check base covers operators, non-SME downstream operators and non-SME traders since 26 December 2025 (operators only before). Quotas apply per commodity, counted on actors active in the previous year (Article 16(11)).
Does Low Risk Remove Due Diligence or EUDR Geolocation?
No: low-risk origins still need geolocation, Article 9 information, a due diligence statement and an Article 12 system (FAQ Version 5 (April 2026), 1.28; Guidance C/2026/3896, section 4(e), both non-binding); only Articles 10 and 11 can fall away (Article 13(1)).
Article 13(1) applies only once the operator has assessed supply chain complexity and the risk of circumvention or mixing, and has ascertained that all inputs come from low-risk countries. The plot coordinates stay mandatory for every origin under the rules on EUDR geolocation.
Information pointing to a risk, including substantiated concerns, restores Articles 10 and 11 and goes to the authority immediately (Article 13(2)).
Does High Risk Mean an Import Ban or Stricter EUDR Enforcement?
No ban applies: products from high-risk countries can be placed on the market with full due diligence, the same duties as for standard risk (FAQ 6.9).
Stricter scrutiny comes from the authorities: at least 9 % of the actors and of the quantity of each relevant product (Article 16(9)), and special attention in check selection (Article 16(3)). Who checks, and how customs act, is explained under EUDR enforcement.
Which Country Counts: The Country of Production, Not the Country of Export?
The class is that of the country of production, "the country or territory where the relevant commodity or the relevant commodity used in the production of, or contained in, a relevant product was produced" (Article 2(24)), not of export or processing.
Article 13(3) closes the processing-hub route: where an authority learns of circumvention risk, including standard or high-risk commodities processed in a low-risk country, it acts immediately under Article 17(1), with interim measures where necessary. The Commission advises assessing risk per source (Guidance, section 4(a), non-binding).
The two examples below show the rule.
- Furniture made in China, a low-risk country, from Russian wood carries the high-risk class.
- Tyres made in Vietnam from Cambodian rubber carry the standard-risk class of Cambodia, so Article 13 is not available.
When Does the EUDR Country List Change?
Only a new implementing act changes the list, adopted under the examination procedure (Article 36(2)) after the countries concerned are notified (Article 29(6) to (8)). No such act exists as of 24 October 2026.
When Will the Country Classification Be Reviewed?
Article 29(2) sets no cycle: the list "shall be reviewed, and updated if appropriate, as often as necessary in light of new evidence". The Strategic Framework links reviews to new FAO data, available every five years, and states: "The Commission envisages such a first review in 2026" (Annex to C/2024/6604). FAO released the 2025 assessment on 21 October 2025.
No act amends, corrects or replaces Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 as of 24 October 2026, and Guidance C/2026/3896 calls it the latest iteration. A date for the first review is not established as of 24 October 2026.
Did the European Parliament Reject the Country List?
Yes, but without legal effect: resolution P10_TA(2025)0149 of 9 July 2025 (OJ C, C/2026/1435, 31.3.2026) found that the Commission exceeded its implementing powers and called for repeal, by 373 votes to 289 with 26 abstentions. Such a resolution binds no one (Article 11 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011), and Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 stays in force.
Is There a No-Risk or Zero-Risk Category?
No: Article 29(1) keeps three tiers as of 24 October 2026. The Parliament's "no risk" amendments of 14 November 2024 were not adopted in Regulation (EU) 2024/3234, and COM(2026) 191 of 4 May 2026 notes a stakeholder "zero-risk" request without proposing any amendment.
How Does the EU Cooperate With Producer Countries Under Article 30?
Article 30(1) obliges the Commission and interested Member States to work with producer countries, "in particular those classified as high risk", through partnerships and cooperation mechanisms under a "comprehensive Union strategic framework" (C/2024/6604). They include structured dialogues and joint roadmaps.
Table 5. EU cooperation instruments under Article 30
| Instrument | What it does | Figure and date |
|---|---|---|
| Strategic Framework (C/2024/6604) | The Art. 30(1) framework; its Annex sets the benchmarking principles; non-binding | Presented 2024-10-02; OJ C 2024-11-07 |
| Team Europe Initiative on Deforestation-free Value Chains | Launched at COP28; hub, SAFE and a technical facility | EUR 70 million initial package (DG ENV page); EUR 81.5 million mobilised in more than 26 countries (Green Forum, 2026-07-28); EUR 86 million current budget (FAQ 6.7) |
| SAFE (Sustainable Agriculture for Forest Ecosystems) | Support in Brazil, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ecuador, Indonesia, Peru, Uganda, Vietnam and Zambia | EUR 65 million, 2024 to 2028 (FAQ 6.7) |
| EU Sustainable Cocoa Initiative | Launched 2020 with Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana and Cameroon | Sustainable Cocoa Programme EUR 25 million (C/2024/6604) |
FAQ Version 5 (April 2026) and the Strategic Framework are non-binding.
Article 30(2) to (5) add stakeholder participation, tenure security, multilateral fora including the FAO, the WTO and the G20, and dialogue with consuming countries. Trade agreements leave the EUDR untouched: it continues to apply under the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement, applied provisionally since 1 May 2026 (Council Decision (EU) 2026/183), and the EU-Indonesia CEPA is not signed as of 24 October 2026.
Every rule on this page is checked against EUR-Lex and Commission sources; see our methodology and fact-checking. List checked 24 October 2026.
This guide explains the rules; it is not legal advice for an individual case.
How Does Country Benchmarking Connect to Due Diligence, Commodities, FLEGT and the Dates?
A country's class is one input among four: the risk assessment, the commodity, the legality evidence and the application dates.
How Does the Risk Class Feed EUDR Due Diligence?
The class counts under Article 10(2)(a) but does not replace the other 13 criteria. It enters the second of the three steps of EUDR due diligence. How the 14 criteria are weighed is set out under EUDR risk assessment.
Which EUDR Commodities Come From Which Origins?
One class covers all seven relevant commodities of a country. The country pages in Table 1 show what each origin supplies, and the product lines are listed under EUDR commodities.
Does a FLEGT Licence Change a Country's EUDR Risk Class?
No: a FLEGT licence (Indonesia since 15 November 2016, Ghana since 8 October 2025) proves legality only (Article 10(3)) and leaves the class unchanged. Licensing is explained under FLEGT licences and the EUDR.
Which EUDR Timeline Applies, and Is Another Delay Planned?
The classes matter for operators from 30 December 2026 (Article 38(2)), with the deferral shown in Table 3. Each date in force is listed in the EUDR timeline. No further postponement is proposed as of 24 October 2026; every earlier EUDR delay is documented with its act.
What Else Do Operators and Exporters Ask About EUDR Country Risk?
Operators and exporters also ask whether Member States are low risk, whether classes differ per commodity or region, and where the official list is published. More answers to the questions operators, traders and suppliers ask are collected on the FAQ page.
Are EU Member States Low Risk Under the EUDR?
Yes: all 27 Member States are low risk under the Annex of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093, so EU-grown commodities can qualify for simplified due diligence when the Article 13 conditions are met. The rules on where the EUDR applies cover Northern Ireland, Switzerland and the EEA states.
Does the EUDR Classify Countries per Commodity or Region?
No: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 gives one class per whole country, valid for all seven commodities. Article 29(1) would allow "parts thereof", but the Annex contains no regional or commodity-specific entry as of 24 October 2026.
Where Is the Official EUDR Country List Published?
The official list is the Annex of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093, published in the Official Journal (OJ L, 2025/1093, 23.5.2025). The Commission's Country Classification List mirrors it with 194 entries, and Table 2 reproduces every entry.
Sources
- EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1115
- EUR-Lex: CELEX 02023R1115
- EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2024/3234
- EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2025/2650
- EUR-Lex: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093
- European Commission, Green Forum: green-forum.ec.europa.eu/countries-and-partnerships/country-classification-list_en
- European Commission, Green Forum: green-forum.ec.europa.eu/countries-and-partnerships_en
- European Commission: ec.europa.eu/transparency/documents-register/detail?ref=SWD(2025)129&lang=en
- EUR-Lex: CELEX 52024XC0660
- European Commission, Environment: environment.ec.europa.eu/publications/faq-eudr-implementation_en
- EUR-Lex: CELEX 52026XC0389
- EUR-Lex: eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/C/2026/1435/oj/eng
- EUR-Lex: CELEX 52026DC0191
- FAO: fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/resources/news/en
- EUR-Lex: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/1201
- European Commission, trade: policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region/countries-and-regions/…
- European Commission: ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/comext/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/DS-045409